Development of cancer vaccine therapy using dendritic cells transduced with TGF-βsiRNA for digestive cancer

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Recently, several studies have shown that TGF-βproduced from tumor cells would inhibit cytotoxic activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes(CTLs) and increase the number of regulatory T cells(Treg) in tumor local environment. Therefore, as administration of TGF-βsiRNA would inhibit production of TGF-βin tumor environment, it would be expect that antitumor effect of immunotherapy using dendritic cells(DCs) could be enhanced. This study was examined whether antigen-specific CTL responses and therapeutic immunity could be enhanced by genetically-modified DCs expressing CEA antigen and TGF-βsiRNA. Consequently, an effective antitumor immune response was not induced because of unstable expression of TGF-βsiRNA. Further investigation is needed to optimize this vaccine therapy to achieve the obvious benefit in clinical application.