Pioglitazone prevented the neointimal hyperplasia at the site of anastomosis

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Small caliber (〓2mm) prosthetic graft for coronary artery bypass grafting has not been developed for clinical use. The major cause of sticking point is the neointimal hyperplasia at the site of anastomosis. In the current study, we used a rat aortic interposition model with autologous femoral vein. Oral dose of Pioglitazone successfully prevented graft degeneration including the neointimal hyperplasia at the anastomosis. We are now under investigation for the prevention of neointimal hyperplasia at the anastomosis of small-caliber vascular prosthesis.