Studies on the operative technique and the cytokines required to reproduce a normal bone-ligament junction in the knee ligament reconstruction

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On immunohistological search of the rat, although ligament insertion site is completely bipolarized into the ligament cell which produces type I collagen at a viviparous period and the epiphysial cartilage cell which produces type II collagen, both cells re-arrange regularly to a fibrous direction after birth. In the boundary part, it seemed that a part of ligament cell transmuted into the cartilage cell and a part of cartilage cell transmuted into the ligament cell, with revelation of Sox9. (2) A direction of the anchor fiber came to agree with the mechanical axis of the grafted tendon when we changed the operation method from the conventional bone-tunnel method to our original method without bone-tunnel, although the tendon-bone junction was a fibrous union. (3) The cartilaginous bone-tendon junction through the layer of type II collagen which resembled to a normal bone-tendon junction was found by some individuals, when the bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell which has multipotency and/or Sox 9 which is considered to be one of the key-factors by the experiment-1 were introduced into the our reconstruction model which established by the experiment-2.