Investigation on cardiac function during anaphylactic shock

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The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of anaphylaxis on the left ventricular function in both anesthetized rats and isolated perfused rat hearts. The rats were sensitized with ovalbumin. In anesthetized rats, Emax, an index of cardiac contractility did not decrease but increased at 15 min after antigen injection, suggesting that cardiac contractility did not decrease but increased during sustained hypotension due to systemic anaphylaxis in anesthetized rats. In the study using isolated hearts that were excised from Wister rats sensitized with ovalbumin, and perfused at constant flow with blood in a cross-circulated fashion. Cardiac contractility was evaluated by positive maximum rate of changes in left ventricular pressure (dP/dt_<max>) and end-systolic pressure volume relationships (ESPVRs). After antigen, the coronary vascular resistance increased four times the baseline only transiently after antigen. The dP/dt_<max> decreased transiently along with the decrease in coronary flow. The ESPVRs measured at 10 min after antigen did not change from the baseline. The results from perfused heart experiments suggest that cardiac contractility decreased only transiently along with a decrease in coronary blood flow during cardiac anaphylaxis of isolated blood-perfused rat hearts. In conclusion, cardiac contractility may not decrease, but rather increase later than 10 min after antigen exposure. However, the cardiac anaphylactic reaction itself is accompanied by a transient flow-dependent decrease in cardiac contractility.