The mirror neuron improve dysphagia? : Evaluation by the multi modality for functional brain imaging

目的：当一个特定的动作被执行时，以及当动物观察到另一个个体正在执行相同的动作时，镜像神经元就会被激活。我们展示了吞咽相关视觉刺激时镜像神经元的活动，并研究了一种新的康复形式的建立。此外，为了考察这一新康复方法的临床应用，我们对阿尔茨海默病(AD)患者的饮食行为障碍进行了实地调查，这些患者是常规康复难以克服的。用3T-fMRI和脑磁图测量吞咽运动时的脑活动。实验方法包括向受试者播放16种类型的刺激视频，包括普通视频和透视视频。在MEG研究中，与吞咽相关的刺激包括一个人吞咽水时喉部抬高的动画图像，作为视觉吞咽…更多的触发刺激，吞咽声作为听觉吞咽触发刺激。用3T-fMRI和脑磁图测量脑信号并进行分析。在AD患者饮食行为的实地调查中，入选的AD患者共计150例，他们是机构或集体之家的居民。患者接受了饮食行为检查、认知评估、神经检查和生命功能测试。饮食行为检查包括对患者进餐时间的观察。评估进食行为的项目包括进食循环次数、停止进食或激动以及功能障碍。结果：观察到水吞咽过程中镜像神经元区域的活动，透视视频。在WXL出现时，镜像神经元区域的活动以左半球为主，而在CXL出现时，镜像神经元区域的活动以右半球为主。在动画刺激(动画刺激、动画吞咽声刺激、动画人工声音刺激)作用下，在触发前620~720ms，观察到与镜像神经元对应的镜像神经元区域的激活。在对AD患者饮食行为的实地调查中，Logistic回归分析发现，影响进食独立性降低的显著因素是吃饭困难、吞咽困难体征和痴呆的严重程度。结论：通过多模式脑功能成像评价，我接受了吞咽的镜像神经元的活动。此外，通过对AD患者饮食行为的事实调查，提示有必要促进进餐环境的调整，以促进进餐开始保持独立进食和进餐开始。这表明，通过执行我使用镜像神经系统进行的食欲支持，可以改善AD患者的食欲问题，到目前为止，人们一直认为我很困难。较少

Purpose : Mirror neurons fire when a particular action is performed and when the animal observes the same action being performed by another individual. We have demonstrated the activity of mirror neurons during swallowing-related visual stimulation, and investigated the establishment of a new form of rehabilitation. In addition, to examine clinical application of this new rehabilitation, we examined fact-finding about an obstacle of the dietary behavior of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients whom conventional rehabilitation had difficulty with.Methods : Subjects were 15 healthy individuals. Brain activity during the presentation of swallowing movements was measured using 3T-fMRI and MEG. The experimental method consisted of showing 16 types of stimulus video to subjects, comprising general videos and fluoroscopic videos. In MEG study, swallowing-related stimuli comprised an animated image of the left profile of a person swallowing water with laryngeal elevation as a visual swallowing … More trigger stimulus, and a swallowing sound as an auditory swallowing trigger stimulus. We measured the brain signal by 3T-fMRI and MEG and analyzed.In fact-finding survey of the diet behavior of the AD patients, The enrolled AD patients, totaled 150 patients, who were residents of institutions or group homes. The patients underwent an eating behavior examination, cognitive assessment, neurological examination, and vital function tests. The eating behavior examination consisted of observation of the patients at mealtime. Items assessed eating behavior included the number of feeding cycles, stopping of eating or agitation, and dysfunction.Results : Activity in mirror neuron areas was observed during water swallowing, fluoroscopic video. Activity in mirror neuron areas was left-hemisphere-dominant during the presentation of WXL and right-hemisphere-dominant during the presentation of CXL. With animation stimuli (animation stimulus, animation+swallowing sound stimuli, animation+artificial sound stimuli), activation in mirror neuron areas, corresponding to mirror neurons, was observed between 620 and 720 ms before the trigger.In fact-finding survey of the diet behavior of the AD patients, Logistic regression analysis performed to identify factors with a significant affect on decreased independence in eating were difficulty in beginning a meal, presence of dysphagia signs, and the severity of dementia.Conclusion : Evaluation by the multi modality for functional brain imaging, I accepted activity in the mirror neuron of the deglutition. In addition, that it was necessary to promote adjustment of the meal environment that promoted a meal start to maintain an independence feeding and a meal start was suggested by fact-finding of the dietary behavior of the AD patient. The possibility that could improve a problem of the appetite of the AD patients that it had been assumed that I was difficult till now by performing the appetite support that I used a mirror neuron system for was suggested by this. Less