The mirror neuron improve dysphagia? : Evaluation by the multi modality for functional brain imaging

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Purpose : Mirror neurons fire when a particular action is performed and when the animal observes the same action being performed by another individual. We have demonstrated the activity of mirror neurons during swallowing-related visual stimulation, and investigated the establishment of a new form of rehabilitation. In addition, to examine clinical application of this new rehabilitation, we examined fact-finding about an obstacle of the dietary behavior of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients whom conventional rehabilitation had difficulty with.Methods : Subjects were 15 healthy individuals. Brain activity during the presentation of swallowing movements was measured using 3T-fMRI and MEG. The experimental method consisted of showing 16 types of stimulus video to subjects, comprising general videos and fluoroscopic videos. In MEG study, swallowing-related stimuli comprised an animated image of the left profile of a person swallowing water with laryngeal elevation as a visual swallowing … More trigger stimulus, and a swallowing sound as an auditory swallowing trigger stimulus. We measured the brain signal by 3T-fMRI and MEG and analyzed.In fact-finding survey of the diet behavior of the AD patients, The enrolled AD patients, totaled 150 patients, who were residents of institutions or group homes. The patients underwent an eating behavior examination, cognitive assessment, neurological examination, and vital function tests. The eating behavior examination consisted of observation of the patients at mealtime. Items assessed eating behavior included the number of feeding cycles, stopping of eating or agitation, and dysfunction.Results : Activity in mirror neuron areas was observed during water swallowing, fluoroscopic video. Activity in mirror neuron areas was left-hemisphere-dominant during the presentation of WXL and right-hemisphere-dominant during the presentation of CXL. With animation stimuli (animation stimulus, animation+swallowing sound stimuli, animation+artificial sound stimuli), activation in mirror neuron areas, corresponding to mirror neurons, was observed between 620 and 720 ms before the trigger.In fact-finding survey of the diet behavior of the AD patients, Logistic regression analysis performed to identify factors with a significant affect on decreased independence in eating were difficulty in beginning a meal, presence of dysphagia signs, and the severity of dementia.Conclusion : Evaluation by the multi modality for functional brain imaging, I accepted activity in the mirror neuron of the deglutition. In addition, that it was necessary to promote adjustment of the meal environment that promoted a meal start to maintain an independence feeding and a meal start was suggested by fact-finding of the dietary behavior of the AD patient. The possibility that could improve a problem of the appetite of the AD patients that it had been assumed that I was difficult till now by performing the appetite support that I used a mirror neuron system for was suggested by this. Less