The mirror neuron improve dysphagia? : Evaluation by the multi modality for functional brain imaging

目的：当一个特定的动作被执行，当动物观察到同样的动作被另一个个体执行时，镜像神经元就会被激活。我们已经证明了镜像神经元在吞咽相关视觉刺激中的活动，并研究了一种新的康复形式的建立。此外，为了检验这种新型康复疗法的临床应用，我们调查了传统康复治疗有困难的阿尔茨海默病（AD）患者饮食行为障碍的事实发现。方法：健康个体15例。在吞咽动作出现时，使用3T-fMRI和MEG测量大脑活动。实验方法包括向被试播放16种刺激视频，包括普通视频和透视视频。在脑磁图研究中，与吞咽相关的刺激包括一个人吞水的左侧面的动画图像，喉头抬高作为视觉吞咽，更多的触发刺激和吞咽声音作为听觉吞咽触发刺激。我们用3T-fMRI和MEG测量脑信号并进行分析。在对老年痴呆症患者饮食行为的事实调查中，纳入的老年痴呆症患者共150例，他们是机构或集体之家的居民。患者接受饮食行为检查、认知评估、神经系统检查和生命功能检查。饮食行为检查包括对患者进餐时间的观察。评估饮食行为的项目包括进食周期的次数，停止进食或躁动，以及功能障碍。结果：在吞咽水的过程中观察到镜像神经元区域的活动。在WXL呈现时，镜像神经元区域的活动以左半球为主，在CXL呈现时，镜像神经元区域的活动以右半球为主。在动画刺激下（动画刺激、动画+吞咽声刺激、动画+人工声刺激），在触发前620 ~ 720 ms，观察到镜像神经元对应区域的激活。在对AD患者饮食行为的事实调查中，进行Logistic回归分析，以确定对饮食独立性下降有显著影响的因素是开始用餐困难、存在吞咽困难体征和痴呆的严重程度。结论：经多模态脑功能成像评价，我接受了吞咽镜像神经元的活动。此外，通过对AD患者饮食行为的实况调查，提示需要促进进餐环境的调整，促进进餐环境的调整，以保持独立进食和进餐。这种可能性可以改善阿尔茨海默病患者的食欲问题，我一直认为这是困难的，通过执行食欲支持，我使用镜像神经元系统提出了这个建议。少

Purpose : Mirror neurons fire when a particular action is performed and when the animal observes the same action being performed by another individual. We have demonstrated the activity of mirror neurons during swallowing-related visual stimulation, and investigated the establishment of a new form of rehabilitation. In addition, to examine clinical application of this new rehabilitation, we examined fact-finding about an obstacle of the dietary behavior of the Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients whom conventional rehabilitation had difficulty with.Methods : Subjects were 15 healthy individuals. Brain activity during the presentation of swallowing movements was measured using 3T-fMRI and MEG. The experimental method consisted of showing 16 types of stimulus video to subjects, comprising general videos and fluoroscopic videos. In MEG study, swallowing-related stimuli comprised an animated image of the left profile of a person swallowing water with laryngeal elevation as a visual swallowing … More trigger stimulus, and a swallowing sound as an auditory swallowing trigger stimulus. We measured the brain signal by 3T-fMRI and MEG and analyzed.In fact-finding survey of the diet behavior of the AD patients, The enrolled AD patients, totaled 150 patients, who were residents of institutions or group homes. The patients underwent an eating behavior examination, cognitive assessment, neurological examination, and vital function tests. The eating behavior examination consisted of observation of the patients at mealtime. Items assessed eating behavior included the number of feeding cycles, stopping of eating or agitation, and dysfunction.Results : Activity in mirror neuron areas was observed during water swallowing, fluoroscopic video. Activity in mirror neuron areas was left-hemisphere-dominant during the presentation of WXL and right-hemisphere-dominant during the presentation of CXL. With animation stimuli (animation stimulus, animation+swallowing sound stimuli, animation+artificial sound stimuli), activation in mirror neuron areas, corresponding to mirror neurons, was observed between 620 and 720 ms before the trigger.In fact-finding survey of the diet behavior of the AD patients, Logistic regression analysis performed to identify factors with a significant affect on decreased independence in eating were difficulty in beginning a meal, presence of dysphagia signs, and the severity of dementia.Conclusion : Evaluation by the multi modality for functional brain imaging, I accepted activity in the mirror neuron of the deglutition. In addition, that it was necessary to promote adjustment of the meal environment that promoted a meal start to maintain an independence feeding and a meal start was suggested by fact-finding of the dietary behavior of the AD patient. The possibility that could improve a problem of the appetite of the AD patients that it had been assumed that I was difficult till now by performing the appetite support that I used a mirror neuron system for was suggested by this. Less