Japanese Scientists and Pugwash : A Transnational History of the Nuclear Age

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The fear of the nuclear arms race and nuclear war pervaded the world during the Cold War. Under such circumstances, a Japanese scientists' group led by Hideki Yukawa, Sin-itiro Tomonaga and Shoichi Sakata tirelessly appealed the abolition of war and nuclear weapons and criticized the theory of nuclear deterrence in the Japanese society as well as in a transnational scientists' organization, Pugwash. Inquiring into the Japanese group's activities from a transnational perspective, this study reveals that the group challenged the intellectual hegemony of the theory of nuclear deterrence in Pugwash and created an anti-nuclear logic with universal appeal, presenting it inside and outside Japan.