Role of the Russian Orthodoxy in Cultural Integration of the Russian Empire during the 19th century.

19世纪上半叶的俄罗斯东正教神学没有足够的使命感去建立起推动俄罗斯帝国文化整合的原始的俄罗斯东正教护教学。此外，一般来说，许多有创造力的神学家都与帝国的世俗权力保持距离。在19世纪70年代及以后，开始为俄罗斯东正教教堂建造最初的护堂。此外，大约从1905年开始，一种可能与俄罗斯东正教的独特性和当代形势相匹配的护教学系统开始走向。在此背景下，改革神学家对俄罗斯东正教会中过于保守的原则和右翼的民族中心主义产生了越来越强烈的危机感，同时世俗青年学生对神学的兴趣也在增加。然而，与西欧的护教学文献相比，俄罗斯东正教的护教学文献作为一种与非信徒进行具体对话的途径，其质量和数量都非常有限。俄罗斯东正教神学家的思潮并不一定是统一的，他们之间也存在着一些严重的冲突。因此，总的来说，俄罗斯东正教神学家积极参与推动由多教派和多民族居民组成的俄罗斯帝国文化一体化进程的努力是非常微弱的。

Russian Orthodox theology in the first half of the 19th century did not have adequate sense of a mission to build the original apologetics of Russian Orthodoxy, which promoted the cultural integration of the Russian Empire. Moreover, in general, many creative theologians had distanced themselves from the secular power of the Empire. In the 1870s and later, construction of the original apologetics for the Russian Orthodox Church began to be undertaken. Moreover, a systematization of apologetics that might match the uniqueness of Russian Orthodoxy and the contemporary situation came to be oriented beginning approximately from1905. In the background, there arose a growing sense of crisis amongst reformative theologians about excessively conservative principles and the ethnocentrism of the right wing in the Russian Orthodox Church, as well as an increased interest in theology among secular youth students. However, compared with the apologetics literature of western Europe-the quality and quantity of apologetics literature of Russian Orthodoxy, as a circuit of specific dialogue with non-believers-was very limited. The trend of thought of Russian Orthodox theologianswas not necessarily monolithic, and there were several serious conflicts among them. Thus, in general, the efforts of theologians of Russian Orthodoxy to actively engage in promoting the process of cultural integration of the Russian Empire, which consistedof multiconfessional and multiethnic habitants, were very weak.