Parliament and Legislative Procedures : A Comparative Constitutional Approach

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Over the past two decades, legislative procedures and legislation in Japan have changed substantially, and similar changes can be seen in France. In this study, we show that such changes have been caused by institutional elements, such as the realignment of political parties and incongruence between the two Chambers in Japan and the flood of amendments in France, and transformations in the structure of society. We also highlight the importance of both institutional reforms(such as use of the shuttle system) and confirmation of the significance of the generality of law and the search for complementary legitimacy of government.