Signal Transduction Pathway Regulating Dorsal-Ventral Axis Formation in Guard Cells

气孔是植物叶片表面存在的小孔隙。气孔的作用是从大气中吸收光合作用所必需的二氧化碳。气孔是植物生长和维持环境的重要器官。它们也是植物发育中有趣的研究目标。气孔是由两个相对位置的保卫细胞形成的。保护细胞的发育始于原胚层细胞。在发育过程中，保卫细胞变长并向外弯曲形成毛孔。在这个阶段，保护细胞获得背侧-腹侧极性。根据这种极性，细胞壁和细胞骨架开始分布，形成特定的细胞形状。在本研究中，我们发现了一个影响极性形成的因素，并分析了其作用。保护细胞的极性最早是通过一种受体激酶在保护细胞细胞膜上的不对称定位而建立的。我们还发现，特定的定位模式是由受体样激酶的激酶结构域引起的。

Stomata are small pores exist on the surface of leaf in plants. Stomata work for intake of carbon dioxide necessary for photosynthesis from atmosphere. Stomata are important organs for plant growth and maintenance of environment. They are also interesting research targets in plant development. Stomata are formed by oppositely positioned two guard cells. The development of guard cell starts from protodermal cell. During development, guard cell becomes longer and bent outside to make pore. At this stage guard cell obtains dorsal-ventral polarity. According to this polarity, cell wall and cytoskeleton begin to distribute to make specific cell shape. In this study, we found a factor contributing polarity formation and analyzed its function. The polarity of guard cell was firstly established by asymmetric localization of a receptor like kinase on the cell membrane of guard cell. We also found that the specific localization pattern was caused by the kinase domain of the receptor like kinase.