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Investigations on the mechanism for avoidance of selfing and its ecological meaning in nut production of Fagaceae

壳斗科坚果生产避免自交机制及其生态意义研究

基本信息

批准号：
21580179
负责人：
MUKAI Yuzuru
金额：
$ 3.16万
依托单位：
Gifu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2009 至 2012
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Artificial pollination with different mating patterns (outcross, self-, and non-pollination) was performed for Quercus serrate. The timing of abortion and the size and internal development of acorns from each mating type were investigated. Independently of pollination treatment, size of the one ovule began to increase and developments of remaining ovules were arrested at the period around 50-60 days after pollination (DAP). In the outcross acorns, further development of the ovule and remaining five ovules degenerated. Acorns were slowly developed and similarly dropped in every pollination treatment until 90 DAP. Almost all self- and non-pollinated acorns were rapidly aborted during the period 90-120 DAP. The results indicated that ovule abortion began at maternal initiative and completed in fertilization of the selected ovule with suitable pollen. The correspondence between the timing of abortion and the timing of rapid size growth and the development of storage organs suggests that this acorn-maintenance strategy may be the consequence of a maternal adaptation that allows better reproductive success under resource limitation. Paternity analysis of seeds obtained from controlled pollination showed the presence of conspecific competition and/or selection from pollination to maturation. Furthermore, the similar analysis for isolate the ovules from the premature acorns also showed that multiple ovules were fertilized and difference of in the contribution on fertilization, and identify that intra-specific interactions was possibly occurred in the pre-fertilization stage.

采用异交、自花和不授粉3种交配方式对锯齿栎进行人工授粉。研究了每种交配类型的败育时间、橡子的大小和内部发育。独立于授粉处理，一个胚珠的大小开始增加，其余胚珠的发育在授粉后50-60天左右（DAP）被阻止。在异交橡子中，胚珠进一步发育，其余5个胚珠退化。直到90 DAP，橡子在每个授粉处理中缓慢发育并类似地掉落。在90-120 DAP期间，几乎所有的自花授粉和非授粉橡子都迅速败育。结果表明，胚珠败育开始于母体主动，败育完成于选择的胚珠与适宜的花粉受精。流产的时间和时间的快速增长和存储器官的发展之间的对应关系表明，这种橡子的维护策略可能是母亲的适应，允许更好的生殖成功资源限制下的后果。从控制授粉获得的种子的父本分析表明，存在同种竞争和/或选择从授粉成熟。对未成熟橡子胚珠的分离分析也显示了多个胚珠受精的现象，并发现了不同胚珠对受精作用的贡献差异，说明在受精前阶段可能存在种内互作。