Establishment of MRI-guided planning in high-dose-rate brachytherapyof prostate cancer

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In our studies using multiparametric prostate MR imaging, the tumor detectability of prostate cancer before radiotherapy (high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT)), the change of MR findings after HDR-BT and the detectability of locally recurrent prostate cancer after HDR-BT were investigated. As the results, multiparametric MRI showed the high detectability for a significant cancer with the treatment intervention. In addition, after radiotherapy, the MR findings in T2-weighted imaging such as zonal indistinctness and diffuse reduction of the signal intensity in the gland interfered with the diagnosis of recurrent tumor. Furthermore, our results indicated that a multiparametric MRI protocol that includes diffusion-weighted imaging provides a sensitive method to detect local recurrence after HDR brachytherapy.