A Development of Innovative Disaster Prevention System using GPS Buoy with Sea and Submarine Observation Equipment

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A new tsunami observation system has been developed, which employs the GPS technology to detect a tsunami before it reaches the coast. After a series of preliminary experimental studies, the GPS buoy system is employed along the Pacific coast and Japan sea coast.Currently, the GPS buoy system uses RTK (Real Time Kinematic) method which requires land base for precise positioning of the buoy. This limits the distance of the buoy from the coast at most 20km. There are two problems to be conquered, one is the precise GPS positioning and the other is the data transmission methods. The algorithm of PVD (Point precise Variance Detection) method and PPP-AR (Precise Point Positioning with Ambiguity Resolution) method are successfully under examination in the Muroto GPS buoy. Also, the satellite communication system using QZSS (Quasi-Zenith Satellite System) and ETS-VIII (Engineering Test Satellite VIII) were introduced for this GPS tsunami observation system experimentally.