Study of Local Electronic State and the Hybridized Orbital Order under Magnetic Field and Pressure by Resonant Soft X-ray and Neutron Scattering

在强关联电子系统中，由于轨道杂化效应，我们有时会观察到定域（d或f）和巡游（p）电子的新有序态。本文利用同步辐射X射线、软X射线和中子衍射/散射技术，在高压或强磁场条件下，观察了某些过渡金属化合物中巡游电子和定域电子的电子自由度有序。从这些观察中，我们阐明了有序的产生机制。特别是，为此目的开发了用于共振软X射线散射的具有超导磁体的衍射仪（光谱仪）。

In strongly correlated electron systems, we have sometimes observed novel ordering states of localized (d or f) and itinerant (p) electrons due to the effect of orbital hybridization. In this study we have observed the orderings of electron degrees of freedom for itinerant electrons as well as localized electrons in some transition metal compounds by using synchrotron X-ray, soft X-ray and neutron diffraction/scattering techniques under a high pressure or a strong magnetic field. From these observations we have elucidated the generating mechanism of the orderings. In particular, diffractometers (spectrometers) with superconducting magnet for resonant soft X-ray scattering were developed for this purpose.