Mechanism for genomic instability during inflammation-associated carcinogenesis

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Many cancers arise with the background of inflammation, and cancerdevelopment is associated with accumulation of various gene aberrations.Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is exclusively expressed in B lymphocytesand plays important roles in induction of class-switch recombination (CSR) and somatichypermutation (SHM) of the immunoglobulin (Ig) genes, resulting in diversification ofIg genes in physiological condition. We found in this study that AID is ectopicallyexpressed in epithelial cells during inflammation, and is involved ininflammation-associated cancer development by inducing various gene aberrationsincluding gene mutations and deletions and duplications in epithelial cells.