Imaging brain activity in human deglutition using functional MRI and functional near-infrared spoectroscopy

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Using mainly fNIRS, we studied human brain activity of deglutition. In swallowing, activated primary motor, primary somatosensory, premotor, and supramarginal cortex. Swallowing in older adults showed decreased cortex activation compared to that of young adults. It suggested potential that swallowing center in cerebral cortex affected by aging. Thus, fNIRS can evaluate cortex responsible for the deglutition. We also investigated cortex activation using fNIRS when Neuromascular Electrical Stimulation was applied to suprahyoid muscles.