Explanation of antifreeze activity of antifreeze proteins and antifreeze synthetic polymers

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Inhibition of ice nucleation by antifreeze proteins(AFPs) and antifreeze synthetic polymers(AFSPs) was experimentally investigated by using silver iodide particles as ice nuclei. The results showed that AFP and AFSP molecules inhibit ice nucleation not by directly affecting ice-like water clusters, but by masking ice nucleating sites on silver iodide surfaces. A few synthetic polymers, previously not considered as AFSPs, were also found to inactivate the ice nucleating activity of silver iodide.