Neural network development disorder as a cause of cognitive/behavioral impairment in childhood. mental function and neural stem cell transplantation

本研究采用孕期乙醇暴露法构建胎儿酒精谱系障碍（FASD）模型。乙醇治疗组的动物在每个行为测试中都表现出明显的记忆/认知障碍和社交功能障碍，静脉注射神经干细胞（NSC）移植将这些行为异常抑制到控制水平。在社会功能相关区（前扣带皮层和杏仁核）脑样品中，模型大鼠突触后密度蛋白95（PSD95）在NSC移植组被抑制后降低。在这些区域，gaba能间神经元亚型、小蛋白阳性细胞也减少，并通过NSC移植恢复。此外，移植的ri标记的NSCs在大细胞神经元合成社会神经肽（催产素（OXT）和精氨酸抗利尿素（AVP））的下丘脑室旁/视上核区域大量聚集，提示NSC移植的社会恢复效果可能与OXT/AVP神经元系统增强有关。

We constructed fetal alcohol spectrum disorder(FASD) model rat by exposure of ethanol in the maternal period. Animals in the ethanol treatment group showed a significant memory/cognitive impairment and social dysfunction in each behavioral test and intravenous neural stem cell(NSC) transplantation suppressed these behavioral abnormalities toward control levels. In the brain samples of social function-related regions(anterior cingulate cortex and amygdala), the post synaptic density protein 95(PSD95) was decreased in the model rat which was suppressed in the NSC transplantation group. In these regions, GABAergic interneuron subtype, parvalbumin-positive cells were also decreased and they were recovered by NSC transplantation. Furthermore, the transplanted RI-labeled NSCs were found strongly accumulating in the hypothalamic areas of paraventricular/supraoptic nucleus where social neuropeptides(Oxytocin(OXT) and arginine vasopressin(AVP)) are synthesized in magnocellular neurons, suggesting the possible relation between the social recovery effect of NSC transplantation and OXT/AVP neuron system potentiation.