Verification of macroscopic quantum coherence in the bilayer quantum Hall states

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We carried out quantum magnetotransport measurements in the bilayer integer quantum Hall states (QHSs) and the bilayer fractional QHSs, mainly including the activation energy. In particular, we clarified the similarities and differences between the bilayer ν=1 integer QHSs and the bilayer ν=1/3 fractional QHSs, where the ν=1/3 QHS is the composite fermion version of the ν=1 QHS, and in both QHSs, they indicate the existence of the macroscopic quantum coherence. We have continued the observation of the quantum transports under the microwave irradiation and may have promising results.