Surface modification of titanium by pack cementation process for improvement of bone compatibility

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Calcium phosphate reaction layers were fabricated on titanium by pack cementation process, isobaric-isothermal process and their combination process to improve the bonecompatibility of titanium. The phase of the reaction layer was hydroxyapatite (HAp) and Ca-P-O-Ti graded layer, and its thickness was several μm. The reaction layer showed high bonding strength to the substrate and high ALP activity by the cell culture test. These results suggested that the new process effectively improved the bone compatibility of titanium.