Identification and functional analysis of sugar chains involved in bone differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, and bone regeneration

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In this study, we identified CS/DS sugar chain, which closely related to bone differentiation, and then analyzed its functions. Experiments using cultured cells, five types CS/DS (CS-A, -B, -C, -D and -E) chain were compared the ALP activity and calcium deposition and resulted CS-E had the strongest ability to induce bone differentiation. The CS-E-containing sponges (2ug/defect) were implanted in the site of bone defects created in Wistar rat skull, the bone regeneration was confirmed. The rate of bone regeneration in a 15-week experimental period was approximately 30% of defects.