A Study of the State Formation Processes in the Eastern Peripheral Region of Japan: A Case of the Old Province of Hitachi

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We have mapped two large keyhole-shaped tumuli in the southern Hitachi region. The early fifth century Funatsukayama tumulus is 186m long, and its symmetric plan of the mound clearly suggests that it was under the strong influence of the central polity of Kinai. The early seventh century Okkoshi-Tokazuka tumulus is presumably more than 70m in length, enclosed by two moats. It is significant to note that such an elaborate keyhole-shaped tumulus with two moats was built in the early seventh century when the construction of keyhole-shaped tumuli declined in the central polity of Kinai.