Clarification of tribology and affinity in high-speed cutting by use of an intelligent cutting tool with built-in temperature and force sensors

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Both properties of the tribology and affinity of the tool-chip interface are strongly affected by temperature. To clarify these properties, an intelligent cutting tool with seven pairs of built-in micro Cu/Ni thermocouples on the tool face near the cutting edge was developed. These micro thermocouples were fabricated by electroless plating and electroplating. Experimental equipment for calibrating the relation between temperature and electromotive force of the micro thermocouples was also developed. It is confirmed that the intelligent cutting tool developed is capable of measuring the temperatures accurately, because the Seebeck characteristic of the micro thermocouples is the same as that of a thermocouple composed on Cu wire and Ni wire.