Multifunction of chromatin insulator and epigenetic regulation

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Chromatin insulator is a boundary element that controls individualgene activity and gene cluster regions. We found that the insulator-binding protein CTCFforms chromatin loops and defines interactions between enhancer, promoter and insulator.Using chromosome conformation capture assay, we analyzed the higher-order epigenomicstructure in the human tumor necrosis factor/lymphotoxin (TNF/LT), and INK4/ARF gene loci.The chromatin loop formation and its dynamics were required for expression of these geneclusters.