Tailor-made medicine based on genetic polymorphism analyses in relation to biological and immunological responses

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This study aims to establish the tailor-made medicine based on genetic polymorphism analysis in Japanese population. To determine the genetic effects on pathophysiology of severe sepsis, we investigated whether IL-1RA 2nd intron variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism bears influences on the susceptibility to and the outcome of severe sepsis. And, we also evaluated association between the VNTR and ex vivo expression of cytokines. Two hundred and sixty one patients who had admitted to an ICU (intensive care unit) were enrolled into a discovery cohort and 793 ICU patients admitted to the 5 different institutes were enrolled into a validation cohort. The IL1RA RN^*2, which was suggested to be a less IL-1ra producer, was associated with adverse outcome of severe sepsis via lower regulatory potential against some inflammatory cytokine production in Japanese population.