Development of microinterface devices for long-term observation of mouse brain

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The observation of neural cells in the intact brain of a living animal is one of the most significant challenges in neuroscience. Two-photon laser scanning microscopy (2PLSM) enables the cellular imaging of brain tissue up to a depth of several hundred micrometers and the stimulation of a single synapse of neurons by the photolytic release of caged glutamate, and is thus a powerful tool in neuroscience. However, in the case of observing the intact brain of a living animal, one should drill a hole in the skull and remove the dura to observe deep inside the brain tissue and introduce caged glutamate. Thus, bacterial infection and the loss of brain fluid prevent long-term observation over several weeks. Therefore, we have developed an implantable microscale brain interface device for controlling the concentration of chemicals and enabling the long-term observation of cells in the tissues of living animals by applying microfluidic device technoloy.