Research on the advocacy work and its function of NPOs in the field of welfare: from a comparative perspective

在这项研究中，我们参照埃斯平-安徒生的福利制度类型学，回顾了非营利组织在福利领域的倡导工作及其功能。我们发现，在斯堪的纳维亚国家和美国，非营利组织都在积极参与决策。然而，我们也发现，这两类部门与政府的合作关系是不同的：在斯堪的纳维亚国家，福利政策的制定是在政府的大力支持下进行的，因此总是顺利完成的。另一方面，在美国，它通常是在与联邦或州政府关系紧张的情况下进行的，因此，在一些情况下，它的效率受到限制。我们认为，这种差异归因于前者被归类为社会民主政体，而后者被归类为自由政体。

In this research, we reviewed the advocacy work and its function of NPOs in the field of welfare , in reference to Esping-Andersen’s welfare regime typology. We found that NPOs are actively participating in policymaking both in the Scandinavian countries and in the United States. However, we also found that there is a difference in the cooperative relationship with the government between these two kinds of sectors: In Scandinavian nations, welfare policymaking is done under the strong support from the governments, and thus, it is always done smoothly. In the United States, on the other hand, it is often done on a tense relationship with the federal or state governments, and because of this, there are cases in which its efficiency is barred. We claim that this difference is attributed to the fact that the former sector is classified into the social democratic regime, whereas the latter into the liberal regime.