Surveys about the cause of visual impairments of students in special needs schools and special needs classes for visually impaired

2010年，对日本视障学校学生进行了第九次五年一次的调查。通过问卷调查，收集了70所视障学校3375名学生的数据。在病因学上，51.4%的学生以产前影响为主，18.7%以早产儿视网膜病变为主，12.7%以不明原因为主，8.1%以一般疾病为主。按病变部位和类型分类的学生中，视网膜占50.1%，眼球占20.8%，视神经、视路、皮质视觉中枢占15.7%。从日本类似的五年一次的视障专班调查中，收集了155所小学和48所中学的241名小学生和57名学生的数据。在病因上，55.4%的学生分布于产前影响，21.5%的学生分布在早产儿视网膜病变，11.7%的学生分布在不明原因的视网膜病变。按病变部位和类型分类，视网膜占41.3%，眼球占26.9%，视神经、视路、皮质视觉中枢占10.1%。

The ninth quinquennial survey of students in schools for the visually impaired in Japan took place in 2010. Through a questionnaire, data were collected from 3,375 students in 70 schools for the visually impaired. In the etiology, 51.4% of the students were distributed in prenatal influences, 18.7% in retinopathy of prematurity, 12.7% in undetermined, and 8.1% in general diseases. The rates of students classified with the sites and types of affection were 50.1% in retina, 20.8% in eyeball, and 15.7% in optic nerve, optic pathway, and cortical visual centers. From similar quinquennial survey in special classes for the visually impaired in Japan, data were collected from 241 pupils and 57 students in 155 elementary schools and 48 secondary schools. In the etiology, 55.4% of the students were distributed in prenatal influences, 21.5% in retinopathy of prematurity, and 11.7% in undetermined. The rates of students classified with the sites and types of affection were 41.3% in retina, 26.9% in eyeball, and 10.1% in optic nerve, optic pathway, and cortical visual centers.