Nitrogen dynamics in geo- and hydro-thermal environments elucidated from isotope geochemistry and microbiology

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This study first showed that ammonia oxidation by thermophilic archaea mainly provided chemical energy for the development of microbial community in an ammonia-rich hot spring. In contrast, culture experiments first suggest that nitrogen fixation by hyperthermophilic methanogen is a key process to regulate primary production of subsurface microbial communities in ammonia-poor hydrothermal environments.