Basic Study on Electrical Insulation by Clarifying Flashover Mechanisms along Insulating Spacer in Vacuum

在真空中支撑高压导体的绝缘垫片绝缘性能很低。迄今为止的保温设计都是基于经验，包括经验公式。本文提出了一个计算闪络电压的理论公式，为可靠的绝缘设计提供了理论依据。由于真空中闪络是由绝缘子带电触发的，我们进行了理论和实验研究，得到了表面电荷分布。结合电荷分布建立了理论公式。实验得到的闪络电压与计算结果符合不同绝缘子材料及其表面条件。

Insulating spacers that support high voltage conductors in vacuum suffer from very low insulation performance. The insulation design so far is based on experiences including empirical formulas. In the present research we offer a theoretical formula that enables calculation of flashover voltage, which we believe to help the reliable insulation designing. As the flashover in vacuum is triggered by the charging of insulators, we have conducted theoretical and experimental studies to obtain the surface charge distribution. The charge distribution has been incorporated to establish the theoretical formula. The experimentally obtained flashover voltages and the calculation results agreed for various insulator materials and their surface conditions.