Intercalation of carbon materials and nitrides and their battery applications

用^7LiNMR方法对石墨负极的锂嵌层进行了跟踪，结果表明石墨层的导电电子移动是为了屏蔽嵌层锂的正电荷。石墨层的堆叠模式从ABA型转变为AAA型似乎是为了有效地进行这种屏蔽。对于正电荷的屏蔽，除了改变堆积模式外，还考虑了增加层间距离的方法。如果可以通过某些方法稳定地增加层间距离，并且涡轮结构不会成为问题，则可以预期不伴随相变的单相插层是可能的。主要考察了氮化物负极与氧化物正极结合时的电池性能。以LiMn2O_4为正极，以Li_<2.6 x>Co_<0.4>N为负极，以一些Li缺陷为负极，开始充电。在负极提锂（电池内放电）过程中，证实了每次循环初始电位都上升的现象。在充电过程中产生电解溶液的分解，充电侧容量大于放电侧容量。这一现象似乎引起了li_ <2.6>Co_<0.4>N的锂量的变化。然后，将碘预先作用于氮化物中，利用氧化后的氮化物制备能量密度更高的电池。在LiMn_2O_4上获得了Li_<1.37>Co_<0.4>N/LiMn_2O_4的电池容量约为l00mAhg^<-1>，在Li_<1.37>Co_<0.4>N上获得了400mahg ^<-1>，并证明其可逆性好，容量很大。

As a result of tracing the lithium intercalation of graphite negative electrode by the ^7LiNMR method, it was indicated that conduction electrons of graphite layer moved in order to shield the plus charge of the lithium intercalated. The stacking pattern of the graphite layer changes from ABA to the AAA type seems to be for effectively carrying out this shielding. For the shielding of the plus charge, the method of increasing the interlayer distance except for the change of the stacking pattern is also considered. It can be also expected that monophase intercalation which does not accompany the phase change becomes possible, if stable increase of the interlayer distance by some methods is possible, and that the turbostratic structure does not become a problem.The battery performances of the nitride negative electrode in combining the oxide positive electrode was mainly examined. By combining LiMn2O_4 as a positive electrode with Li_<2.6-x>Co_<0.4>N with some Li defects as anegative electrode, the battery was started from the charging. In the lithium extraction of the negative electrode(discharge in the cell), the phenomenon in which the initial potential rose every cycle was confirmed. The decomposition of the electrolytic solution is being generated during charging and the capacity in the charging side is bigger than the discharge side. This phenomenon seemed to bring about the change of the lithium quantity inLi_<2.6>Co_<0.4>N.Next, the iodine was affected to the nitride beforehand, and the cell with higher energy density by using the oxidized nitride was made. The Li_<1.37>Co_<0.4>N/LiMn_2O_4 cell capacity of about l00mAhg^<-1> on LiMn_2O_4 and400mAhg^<-1> on Li_<1.37>Co_<0.4>N was obtained, and it was proven to be excellent in the reversibility as well as obtaining very large capacity.