Evaluation and improvement of nitrogen and water use efficiencies in Chinese high-yielding rice cultivars

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Chinese high-yielding rice cultivars have large number of spikelet per panicle and heavy grains, producing high yield (8-12t /ha). In Chinese high-yielding rice cultivars, nitrogen and water use efficiencies were evaluated in comparison with Japanese cultivars. Nitrogen absorption from fertilizer was increased by applying a slow release fertilizer, resulting in an increase in grain yield, and the effect of the slow release fertilizer was higher in cultivars with high grain yield per nitrogen absorption (NUEg) than with low NUEg. Inhibition of water supply increased grain yield per water supply 30% at maximum, although there was a large cultivar difference.