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Studies on the Improvement of Feeding Value of Structural Carbohydrate in Wood by Explosion Treatment

爆炸处理提高木材中结构碳水化合物饲用价值的研究

基本信息

批准号：
61560303
负责人：
MIYAZAKI Akira
金额：
$ 0.9万
依托单位：
Kyoto University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1986
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1986 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Wood contains a large amount of structural carbohydrate which can potentially be digested by ruminants. However, strong bond between cellulose and lignin usually prohibits its utilization as feed. That is, lignification in wood is a main factor in lowering digestibility of it. Explosion is known to be one of the effective way for delignification, since the lignin and carbohydrate bond can easily cleaved by this treatment. In addition, phenolic monomers are sometimes produced from lignin during explosion process. This material is not found in usual feed. Therefore, the effect of this material on digestibility and rumen fermentation has to be investigated prior to the practical use of exploded wood for animals. In this experimant, effect of explosion treatmtnt on nutritive value and possible usage of exploded wood as feed are investigated. The cell wall component was subject to umpact by the explosion, with decrease of hemicellulose content and increase of soluble lignin. The other compositions varied very little. Acetic acid, furfural and monosaccharides were detected in water extract of exploded samples. The explosion treatment had remarkable impact on poplar and white birch. Exploded poplar and white birch gave 42 and 36 percent in vivo digestibilities after the treatment. Addition of meoh extract resulted decrease of starch and cellulose digestion in the in vitro experiment. MeOH addition to casein did not have a clear effect on ammonia production. Major component of MeOH extract was degraded lignin, 1700-1900 of molecular weight. Degraded lignin by the treatment might inhibit specific activity of rumen microorganisms. However, since in vivo experiment showed that VFA production was not influenced by feeding exploded wood in sheep, exploded wood can practically be utilized as one of the feed ingredients for ruminants.

木材含有大量的结构性碳水化合物，可能会被反刍动物消化。然而，纤维素和木质素之间的强键通常阻碍了其作为饲料的利用。也就是说，木材中的木质化是降低其消化率的主要因素。爆破法被认为是脱木素的有效方法之一，因为这种处理很容易使木质素和碳水化合物的键断裂。此外，木质素在爆炸过程中有时会产生酚类单体。这种材料在通常的饲料中是不存在的。因此，在将爆裂木材用于动物之前，必须研究这种材料对消化率和瘤胃发酵的影响。本试验研究了爆裂处理对木材营养价值的影响及爆裂木材作为饲料的可能性。爆炸使细胞壁成分发生改变，半纤维素含量降低，可溶性木质素含量增加。其他成分变化很小。在爆炸样品的水提取物中检测到了醋酸、呋喃和单糖。爆炸处理对杨树和白桦的生长有显著影响。爆炸处理后的杨树和白桦树的体内消化率分别为42%和36%。在体外实验中，添加蜂蜜提取物会降低淀粉和纤维素的消化率。在酪蛋白中添加甲醇对产氨没有明显影响。甲醇抽提物的主要成分是降解木质素，分子量在1700-1900之间。处理后降解的木质素可能会抑制瘤胃微生物的比活力。然而，由于活体实验表明，绵羊饲喂爆裂木料不会影响挥发性脂肪酸的生产，因此，爆裂木料实际上可以作为反刍动物的饲料成分之一。