Development of gene transducing methods into the kidney

后肾是哺乳动物的主要过滤器官。肾脏的基本结构和功能单位是肾元，它执行多种任务，包括血液过滤、盐、水和其他化合物的重新吸收。这些功能可能与每个肾元中的特定“单位”有关，这些单位在发育过程中以严格控制的方式形成。肾小球是一个特殊的过滤单位，能够将大量血浆过滤到原尿中。过滤器失效导致蛋白尿，这可能导致病理性连锁反应，最终导致终末期肾脏疾病。近年来，足细胞，特别是它们的足突和位于它们之间的SD，已被证明在肾小球疾病中起核心作用。肾小球疾病的再生医学有两种策略：(1)体外培养系统诱导足细胞进行细胞移植；(2)体内通过基因转导系统将成体细胞转化为足细胞。最近关于iPS形成的研究表明，多种因素的特定组合可能是重编程细胞的最有效方法。为了开发基因转导进入肾脏的方法，我们首先测试了慢病毒载体系统。

The metanephros is the main filtrating organ of the mammalian organism. The basic structural and functional unit of the kidney is the nephron, which performs a multitude of tasks including blood filtration, re-absorption of salt, water and other compounds. These functions can be related to specific' units' in each nephron that are formed in a tightly controlled manner during development. The kidney glomerulus is a specialized filtration unit, capable of filtering large volumes of plasma into primary urine. Filter failure results in proteinuria, which may lead to a pathologic chain reaction with end-stage renal disease as a final outcome. In recent years, the podocytes, in particular their foot processes and the SD located between them, have been shown to play a central role in glomerular disease. There exists two strategies of regenerative medicine for glomerular disease :(1) Cell transplantation of podocytes which were induced in vitro culture system and(2) Conversion adult cells into podocytes in vivo by gene transducing system. The recent work on iPS formation suggests that a specific combination of multiple factors might be the most effective way to reprogram the cells. To develop of gene transducing methods into the kidney, we first tested lentivirus vector system.