Anti-obesity activity of siphonaxanthin, a unique carotenoid in green algae, and its mechanism.

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Siphonaxanthin is a specific carotenoid found in siphonaceous green algae and its bio-functional properties are yet to be studied. In this regard, we focused on elucidating the anti-obesity effect of siphonaxanthin. Siphonaxanthin potently inhibited the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. In addition, mRNA expression of adipogenic genes was decreased by the treatment with siphonaxanthin. In the animal study using KK-Ay mice as obesity model, abdominal white adipose tissue was decreased by oral administration of siphonaxanthin. In this case, mRNA expression of lipogenic genes was suppressed and lipolytic genes were increased in siphonaxanthin-treated mice.These findings suggest that siphonaxanthin could be potentially useful as a nutraceutical.