The physiological, biomechanical and mental analysis of 3 kinds of coaching method of endurance runnings in Japanese elementary, junior high and high school

通过观察跑步过程中生理、生物力学和心理变量的动态变化，对日本学校体育课上进行的3种耐力跑的特点进行了研究。30名小学生、57名初中生和27名高中生分别采用全力法、内外道(I/OT)法和RPE13法跑1000米、2000米和3000米。在初中生全力法中，由于跑前期步频较高，跑的中后期速度有所下降。连续变化的心率呈下降趋势。在I/OT法和RPE13法中，通过调整步长来保持跑的速度。RPE13法是学习跑步的首选方法。在小学，三种跑步方式没有差别。

The characteristics of 3 kinds of endurance runnings performed in the physical education class of Japanese school was investigated by observing continuous change in physiological, biomechanical and mental variables during running. Thirty elementary, 57 junior high and 27 high school male students ran 1,000m, 2,000m and 3,000m by three methods, namely the all-out method, the inner/outer track (I/OT) method, and the RPE13 method. In the all-out method of junior high and high school students, the running speed have decreased in the middle and final stages of running due to the high stride frequency in the early stage of running. Continuous change of heart rate showed a tendency to decrease. In the I/OT method and the RPE13 method, the running speed was maintained by the adjustment of stride length. The RPE13 method was the most preferred method in learning of running. In the elementary school there was no difference among three running methods.