Research on Warning and Evacuation System in Large Scale Disasters

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The theme is a comparative study of the warning and evacuation system.The warning and evacuation system has been developed, based on the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act. I have spent a lot of time to examine statutes and ordinances for early warning and evacuation of inhabitants in large scale disasters.In the Japanese legal institution, establishment of evacuation centers and evacuation from home to evacuation centers are main countermeasures. However it is not enough. We must develop new types of evacuations, because it is little time to evacuate in some cases. On the other hand, it is not easy for the mayor of municipality to issue evacuation advisories or orders rapidly. Therefore, municipalities must prepare a legal standard explaining the criteria so that the mayor can decide quickly on issuing evacuation advisories or orders and residents can carry out appropriate evacuation procedures. As a result, the Disaster Countermeasures Basic Act must be amended.