Nitric oxide as signalling molecule in plants: nitrate reductase or alternative sources for NO?

一氧化氮作为植物中的信号分子：硝酸还原酶还是 NO 的替代来源？

• 批准号: 5404300
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Werner Martin Kaiser
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department of Bioproduction Science
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2002-12-31 至 2003-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5404300?language=en
• 关键词: Nitric; oxide; signalling; molecule; plants

Based on and related to the tremendous amount of research on the role of NO in vertebrates, the potential role and production of NO in plants has gained increasing attention during the last decade (Leshem 2000). The aim of this proposal is to find out by what reactions, how much, when and where NO is produced by plants and how NO synthesis is regulated, with emphasis on plant-pathogen interactions. We intend to focus on two potential NO sources. One is nitrate reductase (NR), which produces NO by reduction of nitrite with NAD(P)H, the other one is nitric oxide synthase (NOS) which is supposed to produce NO by converting L-arginine into citrulline, using NAD(P)H, oxygen and various co-factors. Other NO-producing enzymes, like xanthine oxidases, will also be considered (Nakagawa). We wish to study NO production in leaves in response to environmental factors and in response to elicitors and pathogens by using various tobacco-, Arabidopsis- and spinach mutants and transformants over- or underexpressing nitrate- or nitrate-reductase. We will apply gas phase NO measurements by chemiluminescence detection (Kaiser) as well as fluorescent NO indicators (DAF 2 and DAF 2 DA, Nakagawa), and use conventional assays for determination of enzyme activities and gene expression. The Nakagawa group will also isolate the three functional domains of NR in order to find out which domain is involved in NO production.

基于对NO在脊椎动物中的作用的大量研究并与之相关，在过去十年中，NO在植物中的潜在作用和产生得到了越来越多的关注（Leshem 2000）。该建议的目的是找出通过什么反应，多少，何时何地NO是由植物产生的，以及NO的合成是如何调节的，重点是植物-病原体相互作用。我们将重点关注两个潜在的NO来源。一种是硝酸还原酶（NR），其通过用NAD（P）H还原亚硝酸盐来产生NO，另一种是一氧化氮合酶（NOS），其被认为通过使用NAD（P）H、氧和各种辅因子将L-精氨酸转化为瓜氨酸来产生NO。也将考虑其他产生NO的酶，如黄嘌呤氧化酶（Nakagawa）。我们希望研究NO的生产在叶片中响应环境因素和响应激发子和病原体通过使用各种烟草，拟南芥和菠菜突变体和转化体过或低表达硝酸盐或硝酸还原酶。我们将通过化学发光检测（Kaiser）以及荧光NO指示剂（NH 2和NH 2 DA，Nakagawa）应用气相NO测量，并使用常规测定法测定酶活性和基因表达。Nakagawa小组还将分离NR的三个功能结构域，以找出哪个结构域参与NO的产生。