Optimization of Hole Configuration Parameters for Design of Damper Seals with Square-Hole Pattern

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The axial leakage flow rate Q, the dynamic coefficients and the whirl-frequency ratio WFR of liquid annular seals are investigated for the three hole-pattern parameters formed in the stator surface: the cross-sectional area Sd of hole, total number Nd of holes, combinations of Nd and Sd under a constant total cross-sectional area of holes. Here, WFR corresponds to an upper limit of rotor whirling velocity at which the dynamic fluid force in the seal clearance enhances the whirling motion and smaller value of WFR is desirable due to narrowing the instability range of whirling velocity. The results show that increasing Nd and using the combinations of large Nd and small Sd yield a lower Q and smaller WFR, and reduce the quantitative effect of the inlet swirl velocity on WFR. Hence, these hole-patterns contribute to improving the efficiency and stability margin of pumps from the viewpoint of reducing the leakage flow rate and suppressing the rotor whirling motion.