3D measurement of weed seeds extracted from soil and its automatization

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Prior information on amount and species composition of weed soil seedbank enables reasonable choice of weed control methods. Nevertheless weed soilbank analysis is not still put to practical use because of difficulty of identification only by seed morphology extracted from soil. We tried to enable identification of 5 Amaranthus species seeds, which are at this time difficult to discriminate each other, by 3D measurement employing an ordinary stereomicroscope and a camera. We succeeded in establishing easy way to get accurate 3D images of the Amaranthus seeds, which enabled identification for some species. Among them, 3 species overlapped to a large extent in 3D data. These overlaps probably in part represent the taxonomic situation of the three species natural populations. Another possibility involves measurement errors due to inadequate accuracy of 3D images. We believe we can also identify the three difficult-to-discriminate species by further accuracy enhancement of 3D images.