Development of evaluation of health effects and environmental carcinogens exposure in molecular epidemiology

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are multiple compounds which include many carcinogens. We conducted a cross-sectional study in steel plant workers (n=57), to identify biomarkers that reflect the carcinogenicity of PAHs. Level of personal exposure to 15 PAHs was measured using GC-MS. Urinary metabolites analyzed using HPLC with a fluorescence detector and LC-MSMS. Eleven known urinary metabolites 1-, 2-hydroxy(OH)naphthalene, 2-OH fluorene, 1-, 2-, 3-, 9-OH phenanthrene, 1-OH pyrene, 3-OH benz[a]anthracene, 6-OH chrysene, 3-OH benzo[a]pyrene were detected. The highest correlation was between Total-PAHs and urinary 2-OH naphthalene. Among the detected urinary metabolites, 1-OH pyrene was found to the greatest correlation with the "Sigma carcinogenic potency of PAHs" (sum of seven carcinogenic PAHs calculated from levels of personal PAHs and relative potency factors), indicated that urinary 1-OH pyrene was the most comprehensive carcinogenic biomarker of exposure to PAHs.