Understanding between the histone-chromatin modification and the possible augmentation of therapeutic sensitivity for malignant melanoma

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BRAF (V600E) is the common oncogenic driver mutation in 60-70% of melanoma patients. Melanoma cells that have BRAF (V600E) mutation accumulated aberrant gene suppression through the histone-chromatin modification, and subsequently the aberrancy was well correlated with metastatic potentials of examined melanoma cells. The histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) is a potent agent to improve the aberrantly deacetylated-histones. Some of HDACi were able to improve levels of deacetylated-histones and sensitized melanoma cells to the therapeutic cell death partially. Unfortunately the effects of HDACi did not always appear sufficient for BRAF (V600E)-positive melanoma cells. Thus, it is necessary to think the possibility that BRAF (V600E)-mediated constitutive activation may maintain the abnormal histone methylation, and that particular gene amplification accompanied with melanoma development may be involved in the therapeutic resistance.