Development of immunotherapy against regulatory T cells targeting a new biomarker, VEGFR2

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Relation between the number of tumor-infiltrated VEGFR2+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and prognosis in colorectal cancer patients with curative surgical resection was analyzed. The number of tumor-infiltrated VEGFR2+FOXP3+Treg cells was an independent prognostic factor for colorectal cancer. These results indicate the validity that VEGFR2+ Treg could be a therapeutic target. In vitro experiment, protein-bound polysaccharide, basiliximab, Cox-2 inhibitor and bevacizumab significantly reduced Treg number. Activate T lymphocytes induced after the depletion of Treg using basiliximab showed the increase of cytotoxicity against cancer cells.