Peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer stem cells and immunotherapy overcoming immune escape

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Peritoneal dissemination of gastric cancer stem cells and immunotherapy overcoming immune escape were investigated. Cultured gastric cancer cell lines MKN45 and MKN74 were sorted by FACS int0 CD44+ and CD44- cells. CD44+ gastric cancer cells expressed TGF-b , IL-10 and VEGF. Therefore, gastric cancer stem cells may have high potential to escape from immune surveillance. However, CTL from healthy donor co-cultured with CD44+ gastric cancer cells could kill CD44+ gastric cancer cells as well as that CTL co-cultured with CD44- gastric cancer cells could kill CD44- gastric cancer cells. These results indicate that cancer stem cells may not be resistant to immunotherapy but the cancer stem cells may be protected by strong escape mechanisms provided by host cells.