Mechanisms and roles of volume-sensitive anion channel activation mediated by chemical transmitters released in response to cell membrane stretch

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This study was aimed at investigating the activation mechanism of the volume-sensitive outwardly rectifying (VSOR) anion channel mediated by chemical transmitters released from cells in response to cell membrane stretch and at elucidating its roles in cell volume regulation, cell shape changes and migration. The study revealed that autocrine actions of ATP and glutamate trigger VSOR channel activation mediated by very high intracellular calcium ion concentration regions in the immediate vicinity of individual open calcium ion-permeable channel proteins, called "calcium nanodomains". This mechanism would provide a basis for the regulation of local cell volume during cell shape changes. The study also uncovered the regulation of the speed of neuronal migration by taurine released through VSOR channels in the developing brain in embryos.