Determinants and Consequences of Punitive Motives: A Psychology and Law Approach

在当前日本推进的司法制度改革中，尊重“普通市民的感觉”的重要性经常被强调。在本研究中，我们旨在揭示非法律专家的普通感觉背后的心理过程，特别关注惩罚一个人的动机，而不是行为。在一系列的实验研究中，我们提出了非法行为，并检查惩罚性判断和行为的决定因素。我们还尝试了神经科学分析。结果表明，报复和功利动机都可能是基于性格因素的惩罚倾向的基础。就进一步研究的可能性提出了一些影响。

Under the current attempt of Judicial System Reformation promoted in Japan, the importance of respecting the "sense of ordinary citizens" is often emphasized. In the present study, we aimed to reveal psychological processes underlying the ordinary senses among the non-experts of law, with a special focus on motives to punish a person rather than the act. In a series of experimental studies, we presented illegal acts and examined determinants of punitive judgments and behavior. We also attempted neuro-scientific analyses. The results indicated that retributive and utilitarian motives both likely underlie the tendency to punish on the basis of character factors. A number of implications were provided with regard to further research possibilities.