Developmentof biodegradable polymer-calcium phosphate composite as a bone substitute material

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Calcium phosphate (CaP) biomaterials such as hydroxyapatite (HA), beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), or their composite are commonly used as artificial bone substitute materials. Recent researches indicated that the CaP materials with porous structure exhibited the excellent biocompatibility, however, the drawback of porous CaP materials is that they are extremely brittle and fragile. We developed the novel material with interconnected pores which had CaP nanoparticle-dispersed biodegradable polymer beams. The aim of this study was to evaluate this material as the bone substitute material. In calvaria (rat study), abundant blood vessels and cells infiltration into interconnected pores were observed. In the tibia (rat study), newly-formed bone was observed within the pore of the material. In this study, both PLLA and PCL seemed to be biocompatible, without any inflammatory response. Furthermore, only PLLA displayed the cell infiltration into the pores. New bone formation was observed inside the CaP-dispersed PLLA sponge. These results suggest that the biodegradable polymer-CaP composites is expected to be a potent bone substitute material