Genetic Analysis of Heterosis in Rapeseed (B. napus L.)

本研究的总体目标是利用QTL定位技术对不同作图群体的油菜杂种优势进行比较遗传分析。在哥廷根，一个分离的双单倍体群体将从一个显示高杂种优势的杂交中发展出来，并将利用SSR标记绘制遗传图谱。产量和产量相关性状的QTL以及一些显示杂种优势的形态性状将在加倍单倍体群体的测交中定位，并将在加性和显性效应以及上位性相互作用及其对杂种优势的贡献方面进行表征。研究结果将与吉森大学的一个平行项目（R.斯诺登和W. Friedt）在不同的映射群体上。这两个项目将鉴定和表征油菜杂种优势的QTL，并将首次提供以下问题的信息：-不同的遗传效应，如显性，超显性和上位性对油菜杂种优势表达的贡献是什么？- 油菜杂种优势的表现是否与QTL的相似性有关？- 不同遗传效应对杂种优势表现的贡献在两个组合中是否相似？

The general objective of the proposed project is a comparative genetic analysis of heterosis in rapeseed by QTL mapping in different mapping populations. In Göttingen a segregating doubled haploid population will be developed from a cross displaying high heterosis and a genetic map will be developed using SSR markers. QTL for yield and yield related traits as well as some morphological traits showing heterosis will be mapped in testcrosses of the doubled haploid population and will be characterized with respect to additive and dominance effects as well as epistatic interactions and their contributions to heterosis. The results will be compared with results from a parallel project conducted at the University of Gießen (Dr. R. Snowdon & Prof. W. Friedt) on a different mapping population. The two projects will identify and characterize QTL involved in heterosis in rapeseed and will for the first time provide information on the following questions: - What are the contributions of different genetic effects, e.g. dominance, overdominance and epistasis to the expression of heterosis in rapeseed? - Are similar sets of QTL involved in the expression of heterosis in different crosses of rapeseed? - Are the contributions of different genetic effects to the expression of heterosis similar in the two crosses?