Optimized design of biomass utilization system considering international transportation

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Developed countries such as Japan have the problems of high cost and a lack of resources, while developing countries have substantial biomass production and export potential. In this research, the biomass utilization system considering local characteristics and international transportation from the developing countries to the developed countries has been designed. The energy consumption and output, economic values, and environmental impacts are evaluated quantitatively in each processes: cultivation, preprocessing, energy conversion, and domestic and international transportation. The combination of resource production countries, biomass spices, and conversion technology is optimized. From these results, expected technological development and policies for biomass utilization are obtained.