Role and signaling pathway of insect juvenile hormones in embryonic development

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Little is known about the role of juvenile hormone (JH) in embryonic development as well as its signaling pathway. We analyzed the function and signaling pathway of JH in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Knockdown of JH signaling resulted in low hatching rate, suggesting that JH might be essential for embryonic development. We also showed that the JH receptor and an early-response gene are involved in JH signaling in embryonic stage. The JH-biosynthetic activity in the embryonic stage was also examined by quantitative RT-PCR of JH biosynthetic enzymes.