Competitive advantages of Anglo-Australian mining majors and Japan's demands for natural resources: An analysis based on Porter's 'five forces'

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The purpose of this research is to clarify why major mining companies have their competitive advantages based on a historical case study on a mining major, Rio Tinto. Particularly I have a hypothesis that a key to competitiveness of mining majors was cooperation with business counterparts or competitors such as buyers or suppliers of mining sites and verify it. As buyers of natural resources Japanese firms are focused on because Japan was a fact industrializing country in the 1950s and 60s. In conclusion,in all cases of uranium, iron ore, copper and cooking coke long term contracts were introduced by Rio Tinto and buyers and they supported Rio Tinto's huge amount of funds raising such as bank loans or bond issues. In the 1950s and 60s, cooperation with business counterparts or competitors made competitiveness of a miming major due to strong demands for natural resources from fast gwoth industrialized countries and demands for funds from mining companies to develop new mines.